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Ba–Shu Chinese was first described in the book Fangyan from the Western Han dynasty (206 BCE–8 CE) and represented one of the earliest splits from Old Chinese. [1] [2] This makes Ba-Shu Chinese similar to Min Chinese, which also diverged from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.
Yue Chinese. Yue ( Cantonese pronunciation: [jyːt̚˨]) is a branch of the Sinitic languages primarily spoken in Southern China, particularly in the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi (collectively known as Liangguang ). The term Cantonese is often used to refer to the whole branch, but linguists prefer to reserve the name Cantonese for the ...
Early Middle Japanese (中古日本語, Chūko-Nihongo) [1] is a stage of the Japanese language between 794 and 1185, which is known as the Heian period ( 平安時代 ). The successor to Old Japanese ( 上代日本語 ), it is also known as Late Old Japanese. However, the term "Early Middle Japanese" is preferred, as it is closer to Late ...
Romanization of Chinese ( Chinese: 中文拉丁化; pinyin: zhōngwén lādīnghuà) is the use of the Latin alphabet to transliterate Chinese. Chinese uses a logographic script and its characters do not represent phonemes directly. There have been many systems using Roman characters to represent Chinese throughout history.
Middle Chinese is especially associated with the Qieyun (dated 601 AD, although even that is somewhat problematic, since it is mostly known through later versions). How long before and after this date Middle Chinese was spoken is unknown, even in terms of centuries. Using a figure of 1400 years ago for Middle Chinese would be misleading and ...
Help. : IPA/Mandarin. This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Mandarin on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Mandarin in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link ...
The varieties are typically classified into several groups: Mandarin, Wu, Min, Xiang, Gan, Jin, Hakka and Yue, though some varieties remain unclassified. These groups are neither clades nor individual languages defined by mutual intelligibility, but reflect common phonological developments from Middle Chinese .
