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故宫 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书. 坐标 ：39°55′00″N 116°23′27″E. 故宮 ，又稱 紫禁城 （ 满语 ： ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ. ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ. ᡥᠣᡨ᠋ᠣᠨ ， 穆麟德轉寫 ： dabkūri dorgi hoton ），是 中国 明 清 兩朝二十四位 皇帝 的 皇宮 。 故宮始建于 明成祖 永樂 四年（1406年），永樂十八年（1420年）落成。 位於 北京中軸線 中心的故宮，占地面積72萬平方米，建築面積約15萬平方米，有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋九千余间。 是世界上現存規模最大、最完整的宮殿型建築。 北京故宫是第一批 全国重点文物保护单位 、第一批 国家5A级旅游景区 ，1987年被选入《 世界文化遺產 》名录。
- History
- Relations with The PRC
- Museum Building
- Collections
- Gallery
- Overseas Exhibitions
- Other Visitor Facilities
- Administration
- See Also
- External Links
Establishment in Beijing and relocation
The National Palace Museum was originally established as the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City on 10 October 1925, shortly after the expulsion of Puyi, the last emperor of China, from the Forbidden City by warlord Feng Yuxiang. The articles in the museum consisted of the valuables of the former imperial family. In 1931, shortly after the Mukden Incident Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Government ordered the museum to make preparations to evacuate its most valuable pieces out of...
Evacuation to Taiwan
The Chinese Civil War resumed following the surrender of the Japanese, ultimately resulting in Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's decision to evacuate the arts to Taiwan, which had been handed over to the ROC in 1945. When the fighting worsened in 1948 between the Communist and Nationalist armies, the National Beijing Palace Museum and other five institutions made the decision to send some of the most prized items to Taiwan. Hang Li-wu, later director of the museum, supervised the transport of s...
Joint Managerial Office in Taichung
The collection from the National Beijing Palace Museum, the Preparatory Office of the National Central Museum, the National Central Library, and the National Beijing Library was stored in a railway warehouse in Yangmei following transport across the Taiwan Strait and was later moved to storage in a cane sugar mill near Taichung. In 1949, the Executive Yuan created the Joint Managerial Office for the National Beijing Palace Museum, the Preparatory Office of the National Central Museum, and the...
During the 1960s and 1970s, the National Palace Museum was used by the Kuomintang to support its claim that the Republic of China was the sole legitimate government of all China, in that it was the sole preserver of traditional Chinese culture amid social change and the Cultural Revolution in mainland China, and tended to emphasize Chinese national...
Northern Branch
The National Palace Museum's main building in Taipei was designed by Huang Baoyu and constructed from March 1964 to August 1965. Due to the insufficient space to put on display over 600,000 artifacts, the museum underwent expansions in 1967, 1970, 1984 and 1996. In 2002, the museum underwent a major US$21 million renovation revamping the museum to make it more spacious and modern.The renovation closed about two-thirds of the museum section and the museum officially reopened in February 2007....
Southern Branch
The Southern Branch of the National Palace Museum is located in Taibao, Chiayi County, Taiwan, and set on 70 hectares (700,000 m2) of land. There is also a lake and Asian style garden on the grounds. Planning for the southern branch began in 2000. The building was to be designed by architect Antoine Predock and began construction in 2005. However, due to serious construction delays and disputes between the contractors and the museum, the firm pulled out in 2008. Museum director Chou Kung-shin...
Statistics
Complete inventory inspection has been taken three times in 1951–1954, 1989–1991 and 2008–2012 since the museum started to bring collections to Taiwan in 1948. According to official report, the museum houses Chinese calligraphy, porcelain, bronzes, paintings, jades and many other artifacts, with 22% (2,972 out of 13,491 crates) of the boxes originally transported south from the Forbidden City. Other additions include transfers from other institutions, donations, and purchases made by the muse...
Notable items
The museum houses several treasured items that are the pride of their collection and famous worldwide. The antiquities in the National Palace Museum span over thousands of years with a variety of genres.
The Pan water vessel with coiling dragon pattern, c.14th– Mid 11th century BCThe Zong-zhou Zhong (Bell of Zhou), 9th century BCThe Mao Gong Ding, 9th century BCThe San Family Plate, 9th century BCDue to fears that the artifacts may be impounded and claimed by mainland China due to the controversial political status of Taiwan, the museum does not conduct exhibitions in mainland China. Since the museum's 1965 establishment in Taipei, the National Palace Museum has only made six large overseas exhibitions in countries which have passed laws to...
Zhishan Garden
Housed within the compound of the National Palace Museum, this classical Chinese Song and Ming style garden covers 1.88 hectares (18,800 m2). It incorporates the principles of such diverse fields as feng shui, Chinese architecture, water management, landscape design, and Chinese folklore and metaphor. It contains numerous ponds, waterworks, and wooden Chinese pavilions. It was completed and opened in 1985. There is also another Chinese Style Garden nearby called the Shuangxi Park and Chinese...
Chang Dai-chien residence
The National Palace Museum also maintains the residence of renowned Chinese painter Chang Dai-chien. The residence, known as the Chang Dai-chien Residence or the Abode of Maya, was constructed in 1976 and completed in 1978. It is a two-story Siheyuan building with Chinese-style gardens occupying approximately 1,911 m2. After Chang's death in 1983, the house and gardens were donated to the National Palace Museum and turned into a museum and memorial.
The National Palace Museum operates under the Executive Yuan as a level-two agency.It has been headed by many directors over the years:
Chiang Dai-chien residence Archived 27 November 2019 at the Wayback MachineVirtual tour of the National Palace Museum provided by Google Arts & Culture中国大陸時代[編集] 故宮博物院は、 1924年 に 北洋軍閥 の一人である 馮玉祥 が 愛新覚羅溥儀 を 紫禁城 から退去させ、 1925年 10月10日に宮殿内で 清朝 が持っていた美術品などを一般公開したのが始まりである。 1925年当時の所蔵品点検レポートによると所蔵品総数は117万件を超えており、博物院は古物館、 図書館 、文献館を設けて各種文物の整理をする一方で、宮殿内に展示室を開設して多様な陳列を行っていた。 その後、 満洲 に駐留していた 日本軍 が 華北地方 に軍を派遣してきたため、 蔣介石 の 国民政府 （1948年以降は中華民国政府に改組）は博物院の所蔵品を戦火から守るべく重要文物を南方へ疎開させた。
網站. www .hkpm .org .hk. 香港故宮文化博物館 （英語： Hong Kong Palace Museum ， 縮寫 ： HKPM ），簡稱 香港故宮 ，別稱「 西九西大門 」，是一座展示 中國 北京 故宫博物院 文物 的 博物館 ，位於 香港 西九文化區 博物館道8號。. 博物館佔地一萬平方米，於2018 ...
23 maj 2024 · 國立故宮博物院 ，簡稱 臺灣故宮 [11] [12] [13] 或 臺北故宮 [c] ，別名 中山博物院 [d] ，為 臺灣最具規模的博物館 以及 臺灣 八景 之一 [15] ，也是古代 中國藝術史 與 漢學 研究機構。 [14] [16] [17] [18] 館舍分別位於 臺北市 士林區 與 嘉義縣 太保市 [19] ，一年接待超過614萬人次的參訪旅客，曾位列2015年 全球參觀人數第六多的藝術博物館 [b] 。 國立故宮博物院是隸屬於 行政院 的 中央二級機關 ，故宮院長為 特任官 ，視同 部會首長 。
